![]() The presence of a well-established and substantial genetic contribution to intelligence ( Deary et al. There is strong evidence that differences in intelligence are not only functional, but also have an organic basis. From childhood onwards, IQ has a close link to academic performance and the individual’s future professional attainment, whereas negative social factors such as drug and alcohol abuse, and criminality in general are associated with a relatively low IQ ( Mackintosh 2011). Scores in two of the most internationally used intelligence tests, the Wechsler’s Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) and Raven’s Progressive Matrices (RPM), typically have a correlation coefficient of ~0.7 or higher, despite being assessed in almost entirely different settings ( McLeod and Rubin 1962). This index is well established and highly reproducible it remains largely stable throughout adult life and is relatively independent of the method used to measure it ( Mackintosh 2011). Intelligence, defined as a general cognitive ability, is often measured as an intelligence quotient (IQ). ![]() The definition and measurement of human intelligence has been one of the most significant developments in the history of psychological science, with major theoretical and practical implications. ![]() ![]() Børge Priens Prøve (BPP), cell numbers, human brain, intelligence quotient, stereology Introduction ![]()
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